Flow Properties Of The Material

Why Flow Properties Testing?

• Cohesive strength: powder flowability through hoppers
• Wall friction: hopper angles to achieve
• Internal friction: static and kinematic angles of internal friction
• Permeability: gas/solids interactions; limiting discharge rates from hoppers
• Angle of repose: angle of pile of material at rest
• Loose/tap density: bulk density measured before and after vibration

• Time at rest: continuous flow to weeks of storage at rest
• Pressure: low (pharmaceutical) to high (stockpiles)
• Temperature: -30° to 2,200° F (-34° to 1,200° C)
• Humidity: 98% to less than 5% relative humidity
• Atmosphere: air, inert, and a range of process gases

• an executive summary of results
• graphical and tabular presentation of data
• appendix with terminology definitions